Persistance of Vision is where a human being snaps the previous iamge they saw and mixes it with the current one they are seeing. These images move so fast that it creates movement to the viewer making them believe the picture is moving fluidly. 
The Phenakitoscope was a very simple design. It consisted of a spinning disc attached to a handle. Drawings were placed onto the edge of the disk as shown here. In between were mirrors that refelcted the image to the user blending each individual drawin together to create the animation. As seen below.
This was a very simple and creative process however this could only be viewed by one person at a time. Its successors such as the Zoetrope would create it in such a way where tit could be viewed by multiple people.
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